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Evaluating coreference resolvers on community-based question answering: From rule-based to state of the art

Abstract (Expand)

Coreference resolution is a key step in natural language understanding. Developments in coreference resolution are mainly focused on improving the performance on standard datasets annotated for coreference … resolution. However, coreference resolution is an intermediate step for text understanding and it is not clear how these improvements translate into downstream task performance. In this paper, we perform a thorough investigation on the impact of coreference resolvers in multiple settings of community-based question answering task, i.e., answer selection with long answers. Our settings cover multiple text domains and encompass several answer selection methods. We first inspect extrinsic evaluation of coreference resolvers on answer selection by using coreference relations to decontextualize individual sentences of candidate answers, and then annotate a subset of answers with coreference information for intrinsic evaluation. The results of our extrinsic evaluation show that while there is a significant difference between the performance of the rule-based system vs. state-of-the-art neural model on coreference resolution datasets, we do not observe a considerable difference on their impact on downstream models. Our intrinsic evaluation shows that (i) resolving coreference relations on less-formal text genres is more difficult even for trained annotators, and (ii) the values of linguistic-agnostic coreference evaluation metrics do not correlate with the impact on downstream data.

Authors: Haixia Chai, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Iryna Gurevych, Michael Strube

Date Published: 16th Oct 2022

Publication Type: InProceedings

Is HLA type a possible cancer risk modifier in Lynch syndrome?

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Aysel Ahadova, Johannes Witt, Saskia Haupt, Richard Gallon, Robert Hüneburg, Jacob Nattermann, Sanne ten Broeke, Lena Bohaumilitzky, Alejandro Hernandez‐Sanchez, Mauro Santibanez‐Koref, Michael S. Jackson, Maarit Ahtiainen, Kirsi Pylvänäinen, Katarina Andini, Vince Kornel Grolmusz, Gabriela Möslein, Mev Dominguez‐Valentin, Pål Møller, Daniel Fürst, Rolf Sijmons, Gillian M. Borthwick, John Burn, Jukka‐Pekka Mecklin, Vincent Heuveline, Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz, Toni Seppälä, Matthias Kloor

Date Published: 14th Oct 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Diffusion of small molecule drugs is affected by surface interactions and crowder proteins

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Debabrata Dey, Ariane Nunes-Alves, Rebecca C. Wade, Gideon Schreiber

Date Published: 1st Oct 2022

Publication Type: Journal

The EURONEAR Lightcurve Survey of Near Earth Asteroids 2017–2020

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: O. Vaduvescu, A. Aznar Macias, T. G. Wilson, T. Zegmott, F. M. Pérez Toledo, M. Predatu, R. Gherase, V. Pinter, F. Pozo Nunez, K. Ulaczyk, I. Soszyński, P. Mróz, M. Wrona, P. Iwanek, M. Szymanski, A. Udalski, F. Char, H. Salas Olave, G. Aravena-Rojas, A. C. Vergara, C. Saez, E. Unda-Sanzana, B. Alcalde, A. de Burgos, D. Nespral, R. Galera-Rosillo, N. J. Amos, J. Hibbert, A. López-Comazzi, J. Oey, M. Serra-Ricart, J. Licandro, M. Popescu

Date Published: 1st Oct 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Analysis of pesticide and persistent organic pollutant residues in German bats

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Sonja Schanzer, Martin Koch, Andreas Kiefer, Thalia Jentke, Michael Veith, Franz Bracher, Johannes Bracher, Christoph Müller

Date Published: 1st Oct 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Hydropersulfides inhibit lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis by scavenging radicals

Abstract (Expand)

erroptosis is a type of cell death caused by radical-driven lipid peroxidation, leading to membrane damage and rupture. Here we show that enzymatically produced sulfane sulfur (S0) species, specifically … hydropersulfides, scavenge endogenously generated free radicals and, thereby, suppress lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. By providing sulfur for S0 biosynthesis, cysteine can support ferroptosis resistance independently of the canonical GPX4 pathway. Our results further suggest that hydropersulfides terminate radical chain reactions through the formation and self-recombination of perthiyl radicals. The autocatalytic regeneration of hydropersulfides may explain why low micromolar concentrations of persulfides suffice to produce potent cytoprotective effects on a background of millimolar concentrations of glutathione. We propose that increased S0 biosynthesis is an adaptive cellular response to radical-driven lipid peroxidation, potentially representing a primordial radical protection system.

Authors: Uladzimir Barayeu, Danny Schilling, Mohammad Eid, Thamara Nishida Xavier da Silva, Lisa Schlicker, Nikolina Mitreska, Christopher Zapp, Frauke Gräter, Aubry K. Miller, Reinhard Kappl, Almut Schulze, José Pedro Friedmann Angeli, Tobias P. Dick

Date Published: 15th Sep 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Why Ultrafast Photoinduced CO Desorption Dominates over Oxidation on Ru(0001)

Abstract (Expand)

CO oxidation on Ru(0001) is a long-standing example of a reaction that, being thermally forbidden in ultrahigh vacuum, can be activated by femtosecond laser pulses. In spite of its relevance, the precise … dynamics of the photoinduced oxidation process as well as the reasons behind the dominant role of the competing CO photodesorption remain unclear. Here we use ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction that account for the highly excited and nonequilibrated system created by the laser to investigate both reactions. Our simulations successfully reproduce the main experimental findings: the existence of photoinduced oxidation and desorption, the large desorption to oxidation branching ratio, and the changes in the O K-edge X-ray absorption spectra attributed to the initial stage of the oxidation process. Now, we are able to monitor in detail the ultrafast CO desorption and CO oxidation occurring in the highly excited system and to disentangle what causes the unexpected inertness to the otherwise energetically favored oxidation.

Authors: Auguste Tetenoire, Christopher Ehlert, J. I. Juaristi, Peter Saalfrank, M. Alducin

Date Published: 15th Sep 2022

Publication Type: Journal

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