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1579 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 1579
Regression-based expected shortfall backtesting

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Sebastian Bayer, Timo Dimitriadis

Date Published: 1st Jun 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves: Equivalences, beta model, and minimum distance estimation

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Tilmann Gneiting, Peter Vogel

Date Published: 1st Jun 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Modelling the ionization state of Type Ia supernovae in the nebular phase

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Luke J Shingles, Andreas Flörs, Stuart A Sim, Christine E Collins, Friedrich K Röpke, Ivo R Seitenzahl, Ken J Shen

Date Published: 1st Jun 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Jupiter’s inhomogeneous envelope

Abstract (Expand)

Context: While Jupiter’s massive gas envelope consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, the key to understanding Jupiter’s formation and evolution lies in the distribution of the remaining (heavy) elements. … Before the Juno mission, the lack of high-precision gravity harmonics precluded the use of statistical analyses in a robust determination of the heavy-element distribution in Jupiter’s envelope. Aims: In this paper, we assemble the most comprehensive and diverse collection of Jupiter interior models to date and use it to study the distribution of heavy elements in the planet’s envelope. Methods: We apply a Bayesian statistical approach to our interior model calculations, reproducing the Juno gravitational and atmospheric measurements and constraints from the deep zonal flows. Results: Our results show that the gravity constraints lead to a deep entropy of Jupiter corresponding to a 1 bar temperature that is 515 K higher than traditionally assumed. We also find that uncertainties in the equation of state are crucial when determining the amount of heavy elements in Jupiter’s interior. Our models put an upper limit to the inner compact core of Jupiter of 7 M_Earth, independently of the structure model (with or without a dilute core) and the equation of state considered. Furthermore, we robustly demonstrate that Jupiter’s envelope is inhomogeneous, with a heavy-element enrichment in the interior relative to the outer envelope. This implies that heavy-element enrichment continued through the gas accretion phase, with important implications for the formation of giant planets in our Solar System and beyond.

Authors: Y. Miguel, M. Bazot, T. Guillot, S. Howard, E. Galanti, Y. Kaspi, W. B. Hubbard, B. Militzer, R. Helled, S. K. Atreya, J. E. P. Connerney, D. Durante, L. Kulowski, J. I. Lunine, D. Stevenson, S. Bolton

Date Published: 1st Jun 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Metagenomic Analysis Using Phylogenetic Placement—A Review of the First Decade

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Lucas Czech, Alexandros Stamatakis, Micah Dunthorn, Pierre Barbera

Date Published: 26th May 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Entity-based Neural Local Coherence Modeling

Abstract (Expand)

In this paper, we propose an entity-based neural local coherence model which is linguistically more sound than previously proposed neural coherence models. Recent neural coherence models encode the … input document using large-scale pretrained language models. Hence their basis for computing local coherence are words and even sub-words. The analysis of their output shows that these models frequently compute coherence on the basis of connections between (sub-)words which, from a linguistic perspective, should not play a role. Still, these models achieve state-of-the-art performance in several end applications. In contrast to these models, we compute coherence on the basis of entities by constraining the input to noun phrases and proper names. This provides us with an explicit representation of the most important items in sentences leading to the notion of focus. This brings our model linguistically in line with pre-neural models of computing coherence. It also gives us better insight into the behaviour of the model thus leading to better explainability. Our approach is also in accord with a recent study (O’Connor and Andreas, 2021), which shows that most usable information is captured by nouns and verbs in transformer-based language models. We evaluate our model on three downstream tasks showing that it is not only linguistically more sound than previous models but also that it outperforms them in end applications.

Authors: Sungho Jeon, Michael Strube

Date Published: 22nd May 2022

Publication Type: InProceedings

Stereoinversion of tetrahedral p -block element hydrides

Abstract (Expand)

The potential energy surfaces of 15 tetrahedral p-block element hydrides were screened on the multireference level. It was addressed whether stereoinversion competes against other reactions, such as … reductive H2-elimination or hydride loss, and if so, along which pathway the stereomutation occurs. Importantly, stereoinversion transition structures for the ammonium cation (C4v) and the tetrahydridoborate anion (Cs) were identified for the first time. Revisiting methane’s Cs symmetric inversion transition structure with the mHEAT+ protocol revealed an activation enthalpy for stereoinversion, in contrast to all earlier studies, which is 5 kJ mol−1 below the C–H bond dissociation enthalpy. Square planar structures were identified lowest in energy only for the inversion of AlH4−, but a novel stepwise Cs-inversion was discovered for SiH4 or PH4+. Overall, the present contribution delineates essentials of the potential energy surfaces of p-block element hydrides, while structure–energy relations offer design principles for the synthetically emerging field of structurally constrained compounds.

Authors: Lukas M. Sigmund, Christopher Ehlert, Ganna Gryn’ova, Lutz Greb

Date Published: 21st May 2022

Publication Type: Journal

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