Publications

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14 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 14

Abstract (Expand)

The cosmic origin of the elements, the fundamental chemical building blocks of the universe, is still uncertain. Binary interactions play a key role in the evolution of many massive stars, yet their impact on chemical yields is poorly understood. Using the MESA stellar evolution code, we predict the chemical yields ejected in wind mass loss and the supernovae of single and binary-stripped stars. We do this with a large 162-isotope nuclear network at solar metallicity. We find that binary-stripped stars are more effective producers of the elements than single stars, due to their increased mass loss and an increased chance to eject their envelopes during a supernova. This increased production by binaries varies across the periodic table, with F and K being more significantly produced by binary-stripped stars than single stars. We find that the 12C/13C could be used as an indicator of the conservativeness of mass transfer, as 13C is preferentially ejected during mass transfer while 12C is preferentially ejected during wind mass loss. We identify a number of gamma-ray-emitting radioactive isotopes that may be used to help constrain progenitor and explosion models of core-collapse supernovae with next-generation gamma-ray detectors. For single stars we find that 44V and 52Mn are strong probes of the explosion model, while for binary-stripped stars it is 48Cr. Our findings highlight that binary-stripped stars are not equivalent to two single stars and that detailed stellar modeling is needed to predict their final nucleosynthetic yields.

Authors: R. Farmer, E. Laplace, Jing-ze Ma, S. E. de Mink, S. Justham

Date Published: 12th May 2023

Publication Type: Journal

Abstract (Expand)

Stars strongly impact their environment, and shape structures on all scales throughout the universe, in a process known as "feedback." Due to the complexity of both stellar evolution and the physics of larger astrophysical structures, there remain many unanswered questions about how feedback operates and what we can learn about stars by studying their imprint on the wider universe. In this white paper, we summarize discussions from the Lorentz Center meeting "Bringing Stellar Evolution and Feedback Together" in 2022 April and identify key areas where further dialog can bring about radical changes in how we view the relationship between stars and the universe they live in.

Authors: Sam Geen, Poojan Agrawal, Paul A. Crowther, B. W. Keller, Alex de Koter, Zsolt Keszthelyi, Freeke van de Voort, Ahmad A. Ali, Frank Backs, Lars Bonne, Vittoria Brugaletta, Annelotte Derkink, Sylvia Ekström, Yvonne A. Fichtner, Luca Grassitelli, Ylva Götberg, Erin R. Higgins, Eva Laplace, Kong You Liow, Marta Lorenzo, Anna F. McLeod, Georges Meynet, Megan Newsome, G. André Oliva, Varsha Ramachandran, Martin P. Rey, Steven Rieder, Emilio Romano-Díaz, Gautham Sabhahit, Andreas A. C. Sander, Rafia Sarwar, Hanno Stinshoff, Mitchel Stoop, Dorottya Szécsi, Maxime Trebitsch, Jorick S. Vink, Ethan Winch

Date Published: 9th Mar 2023

Publication Type: Journal

Abstract (Expand)

Abstract Nuclear astrophysics is a field at the intersection of nuclear physics and astrophysics, which seeks to understand the nuclear engines of astronomical objects and the origin of the chemicalthe origin of the chemical elements. This white paper summarizes progress and status of the field, the new open questions that have emerged, and the tremendous scientific opportunities that have opened up with major advances in capabilities across an ever growing number of disciplines and subfields that need to be integrated. We take a holistic view of the field discussing the unique challenges and opportunities in nuclear astrophysics in regards to science, diversity, education, and the interdisciplinarity and breadth of the field. Clearly nuclear astrophysics is a dynamic field with a bright future that is entering a new era of discovery opportunities.

Authors: H Schatz, A D Becerril Reyes, A Best, E F Brown, K Chatziioannou, K A Chipps, C M Deibel, R Ezzeddine, D K Galloway, C J Hansen, F Herwig, A P Ji, M Lugaro, Z Meisel, D Norman, J S Read, L F Roberts, A Spyrou, I Tews, F X Timmes, C Travaglio, N Vassh, C Abia, P Adsley, S Agarwal, M Aliotta, W Aoki, A Arcones, A Aryan, A Bandyopadhyay, A Banu, D W Bardayan, J Barnes, A Bauswein, T C Beers, J Bishop, T Boztepe, B Côté, M E Caplan, A E Champagne, J A Clark, M Couder, A Couture, S E de Mink, S Debnath, R J deBoer, J den Hartogh, P Denissenkov, V Dexheimer, I Dillmann, J E Escher, M A Famiano, R Farmer, R Fisher, C Fröhlich, A Frebel, C Fryer, G Fuller, A K Ganguly, S Ghosh, B K Gibson, T Gorda, K N Gourgouliatos, V Graber, M Gupta, W C Haxton, A Heger, W R Hix, W C G Ho, E M Holmbeck, A A Hood, S Huth, G Imbriani, R G Izzard, R Jain, H Jayatissa, Z Johnston, T Kajino, A Kankainen, G G Kiss, A Kwiatkowski, M La Cognata, A M Laird, L Lamia, P Landry, E Laplace, K D Launey, D Leahy, G Leckenby, A Lennarz, B Longfellow, A E Lovell, W G Lynch, S M Lyons, K Maeda, E Masha, C Matei, J Merc, B Messer, F Montes, A Mukherjee, M R Mumpower, D Neto, B Nevins, W G Newton, L Q Nguyen, K Nishikawa, N Nishimura, F M Nunes, E O’Connor, B W O’Shea, W-J Ong, S D Pain, M A Pajkos, M Pignatari, R G Pizzone, V M Placco, T Plewa, B Pritychenko, A Psaltis, D Puentes, Y-Z Qian, D Radice, D Rapagnani, B M Rebeiro, R Reifarth, A L Richard, N Rijal, I U Roederer, J S Rojo, J S K, Y Saito, A Schwenk, M L Sergi, R S Sidhu, A Simon, T Sivarani, Á Skúladóttir, M S Smith, A Spiridon, T M Sprouse, S Starrfield, A W Steiner, F Strieder, I Sultana, R Surman, T Szücs, A Tawfik, F Thielemann, L Trache, R Trappitsch, M B Tsang, A Tumino, S Upadhyayula, J O Valle Martínez, M Van der Swaelmen, C Viscasillas Vázquez, A Watts, B Wehmeyer, M Wiescher, C Wrede, J Yoon, R G T Zegers, M A Zermane, M Zingale

Date Published: 15th Nov 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Eva Laplace, Fabian Schneider, Philipp Podsiadlowski, Selma de Mink, Stephen Justham, Mathieu Renzo, Ylva Götberg, Rob Farmer, David Vartanyan

Date Published: 1st May 2022

Publication Type: InProceedings

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Jan Henneco, Fabian R. N. Schneider, Saskia Hekker, Eva Laplace

Date Published: 1st May 2022

Publication Type: InProceedings

Abstract (Expand)

Stellar mergers produce more massive, rejuvenated (strongly magnetic) stars, with potentially peculiar properties, and can be detected as luminous red novae. Using a grid of detailed 1D binary evolution models, we aim to determine which binary systems are likely to merge and at what evolutionary stage. This will tell us more about the merger products, and might help us understand some of the trends found in observed single- and multiple-star populations.

Authors: Jan Henneco, Fabian R. N. Schneider, Saskia Hekker, Eva Laplace

Date Published: 1st May 2022

Publication Type: Journal

Abstract (Expand)

Understanding the lives and interior structures of stellar objects is a fundamental objective of astrophysics. Research in this domain often relies on the visualization of astrophysical data, for instance, the results of theoretical simulations. However, the diagrams commonly employed to this effect are usually static, complex, and can sometimes be non-intuitive or even counter-intuitive to newcomers in the field. To address some of these issues, this paper introduces TULIPS, a python package that generates novel diagrams and animations of the structure and evolution of stellar objects. TULIPS visualizes the output of one-dimensional physical simulations and is currently optimized for the MESA stellar evolution code. Utilizing the inherent spherical symmetry of such simulations, TULIPS represents the physical properties of stellar objects as the attributes of circles. This enables an intuitive representation of the evolution, energy generation and loss processes, composition, and interior properties of stellar objects, while retaining quantitative information. Users can interact with the output videos and diagrams. The capabilities of TULIPS are showcased by example applications that include a Sun-like star, a massive star, a low-metallicity star, and an accreting white dwarf. Diagrams generated with TULIPS are compared to the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and to the Kippenhahn diagram, and their advantages and challenges are discussed. TULIPS is open source and free. Aside from being a research tool, it can be used for preparing teaching and public outreach material.

Author: E. Laplace

Date Published: 2022

Publication Type: Journal

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