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1579 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 1579
Formation of sdB-stars via common envelope ejection by substellar companions

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: M. Kramer, F. R. N. Schneider, S. T. Ohlmann, S. Geier, V. Schaffenroth, R. Pakmor, F. K. Röpke

Date Published: 1st Oct 2020

Publication Type: Journal

Structural basis of Focal Adhesion Kinase activation on lipid membranes.

Abstract (Expand)

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key component of the membrane proximal signaling layer in focal adhesion complexes, regulating important cellular processes, including cell migration, proliferation, … and survival. In the cytosol, FAK adopts an autoinhibited state but is activated upon recruitment into focal adhesions, yet how this occurs or what induces structural changes is unknown. Here, we employ cryo-electron microscopy to reveal how FAK associates with lipid membranes and how membrane interactions unlock FAK autoinhibition to promote activation. Intriguingly, initial binding of FAK to the membrane causes steric clashes that release the kinase domain from autoinhibition, allowing it to undergo a large conformational change and interact itself with the membrane in an orientation that places the active site toward the membrane. In this conformation, the autophosphorylation site is exposed and multiple interfaces align to promote FAK oligomerization on the membrane. We show that interfaces responsible for initial dimerization and membrane attachment are essential for FAK autophosphorylation and resulting cellular activity including cancer cell invasion, while stable FAK oligomerization appears to be needed for optimal cancer cell proliferation in an anchorage-independent manner. Together, our data provide structural details of a key membrane bound state of FAK that is primed for efficient autophosphorylation and activation, hence revealing the critical event in integrin mediated FAK activation and signaling at focal adhesions.

Authors: Iván Acebrón, Ricardo D Righetto, Christina Schoenherr, Svenja de Buhr, Pilar Redondo, Jayne Culley, Carlos F Rodríguez, Csaba Daday, Nikhil Biyani, Oscar Llorca, Adam Byron, Mohamed Chami, Frauke Gräter, Jasminka Boskovic, Margaret C Frame, Henning Stahlberg, Daniel Lietha

Date Published: 1st Oct 2020

Publication Type: Journal

A workflow for exploring ligand dissociation from a macromolecule: Efficient random acceleration molecular dynamics simulation and interaction fingerprint analysis of ligand trajectories

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Daria B. Kokh, Bernd Doser, Stefan Richter, Fabian Ormersbach, Xingyi Cheng, Rebecca C. Wade

Date Published: 28th Sep 2020

Publication Type: Journal

Analysis and Numerical Approximation of Dielectrophoretic Force Driven Flow Problems

Abstract

Not specified

Author: Philipp Gerstner

Date Published: 11th Sep 2020

Publication Type: Doctoral Thesis

Fully compressible simulations of waves and core convection in main-sequence stars

Abstract (Expand)

Context. Recent, nonlinear simulations of wave generation and propagation in full-star models have been carried out in the anelastic approximation using spectral methods. Although it makes long time … steps possible, this approach excludes the physics of sound waves completely and requires rather high artificial viscosity and thermal diffusivity for numerical stability. A direct comparison with observations is thus limited. Aims. We explore the capabilities of our compressible multidimensional Seven-League Hydro (SLH) code to simulate stellar oscillations. Methods. We compare some fundamental properties of internal gravity and pressure waves in 2D SLH simulations to linear wave theory using two test cases: (1) an interval gravity wave packet in the Boussinesq limit and (2) a realistic 3 M⊙ stellar model with a convective core and a radiative envelope. Oscillation properties of the stellar model are also discussed in the context of observations. Results. Our tests show that specialized low-Mach techniques are necessary when simulating oscillations in stellar interiors. Basic properties of internal gravity and pressure waves in our simulations are in good agreement with linear wave theory. As compared to anelastic simulations of the same stellar model, we can follow internal gravity waves of much lower frequencies. The temporal frequency spectra of velocity and temperature are flat and compatible with the observed spectra of massive stars. Conclusion. The low-Mach compressible approach to hydrodynamical simulations of stellar oscillations is promising. Our simulations are less dissipative and require less luminosity boosting than comparable spectral simulations. The fully-compressible approach allows for the coupling of gravity and pressure waves in the outer convective envelopes of evolved stars to be studied in the future.

Authors: L. Horst, P. V. F. Edelmann, R. Andrássy, F. K. Röpke, D. M. Bowman, C. Aerts, R. P. Ratnasingam

Date Published: 1st Sep 2020

Publication Type: Journal

Cataloguing the radio-sky with unsupervised machine learning: a new approach for the SKA era

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: T J Galvin, M T Huynh, R P Norris, X R Wang, E Hopkins, K Polsterer, N O Ralph, A N O’Brien, G H Heald

Date Published: 1st Sep 2020

Publication Type: Journal

The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: C. Evans, D. Lennon, N. Langer, L. Almeida, E. Bartlett, N. Bastian, J. Bestenlehner, N. Britavskiy, N. Castro, S. Clark, P. Crowther, A. de Koter, S. de Mink, P. Dufton, L. Fossati, M. Garcia, M. Gieles, G. Gräfener, N. Grin, V. Hénault-Brunet, A. Herrero, I. Howarth, R. Izzard, V. Kalari, J. Maı́z Apellániz, N. Markova, F. Najarro, L. Patrick, J. Puls, O. Ramı́rez-Agudelo, M. Renzo, C. Sabı́n-Sanjulián, H. Sana, F. Schneider, A. Schootemeijer, S. Simón-Dı́az, S. Smartt, W. Taylor, F. Tramper, J. van Loon, J. Villaseñor, J. S. Vink, N. Walborn

Date Published: 1st Sep 2020

Publication Type: Journal

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