Publications

The field of population genetics attempts to advance our understanding of evolutionary processes. It has applications, for example, in medical research, wildlife conservation, and – in conjunction with … recent advances in ancient DNA sequencing technology – studying human migration patterns over the past few thousand years. The basic toolbox of population genetics includes genealogical tress, which describe the shared evolutionary history among individuals of the same species. They are calculated on the basis of genetic variations. However, in recombining organisms, a single tree is insufficient to describe the evolutionary history of the whole genome. Instead, a collection of correlated trees can be used, where each describes the evolutionary history of a consecutive region of the genome. The current corresponding state of-the-art data structure, tree sequences, compresses these genealogical trees via edit operations when moving from one tree to the next along the genome instead of storing the full, often redundant, description for each tree. We propose a new data structure, genealogical forests, which compresses the set of genealogical trees into a DAG. In this DAG identical subtrees that are shared across the input trees are encoded only once, thereby allowing for straight-forward memoization of intermediate results. Additionally, we provide a C++ implementation of our proposed data structure, called gfkit , which is 2.1 to 11.2 (median 4.0) times faster than the state-of-the-art tool on empirical and simulated datasets at computing important population genetics statistics such as the Allele Frequency Spectrum, Patterson’s f , the Fixation Index, Tajima’s D , pairwise Lowest Common Ancestors, and others. On Lowest Common Ancestor queries with more than two samples as input, gfkit scales asymptotically better than the state-of-the-art, and is thus up to 990 times faster. In conclusion, our proposed data structure compresses genealogical trees by storing shared subtrees only once, thereby enabling straight-forward memoization of intermediate results, yielding a substantial runtime reduction and a potentially more intuitive data representation over the state-of-the-art. Our improvements will boost the development of novel analyses and models in the field of population genetics and increases scalability to ever-growing genomic datasets. 2012 ACM Subject Classification Applied computing → Computational genomics; Applied computing → Molecular sequence analysis; Applied computing → Bioinformatics; Applied computing → Population genetics

Authors: Lukas Hübner, Alexandros Stamatakis

Date Published: 27th May 2024

Publication Type: Proceedings

DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.595533

Citation: biorxiv;2024.05.23.595533v1,[Preprint]

Created: 9th Jan 2025 at 10:18, Last updated: 9th Jan 2025 at 10:18

Challenges of COVID-19 case forecasting in the US, 2020–2021

Computational Statistics

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Velma K. Lopez, Estee Y. Cramer, Robert Pagano, John M. Drake, Eamon B. O'Dea, Madeline Adee, Turgay Ayer, Jagpreet Chhatwal, Ozden O. Dalgic, Mary A. Ladd, Benjamin P. Linas, Peter P. Mueller, Jade Xiao, Johannes Bracher, Alvaro J. Castro Rivadeneira, Aaron Gerding, Tilmann Gneiting, Yuxin Huang, Dasuni Jayawardena, Abdul H. Kanji, Khoa Le, Anja Mühlemann, Jarad Niemi, Evan L. Ray, Ariane Stark, Yijin Wang, Nutcha Wattanachit, Martha W. Zorn, Sen Pei, Jeffrey Shaman, Teresa K. Yamana, Samuel R. Tarasewicz, Daniel J. Wilson, Sid Baccam, Heidi Gurung, Steve Stage, Brad Suchoski, Lei Gao, Zhiling Gu, Myungjin Kim, Xinyi Li, Guannan Wang, Lily Wang, Yueying Wang, Shan Yu, Lauren Gardner, Sonia Jindal, Maximilian Marshall, Kristen Nixon, Juan Dent, Alison L. Hill, Joshua Kaminsky, Elizabeth C. Lee, Joseph C. Lemaitre, Justin Lessler, Claire P. Smith, Shaun Truelove, Matt Kinsey, Luke C. Mullany, Kaitlin Rainwater-Lovett, Lauren Shin, Katharine Tallaksen, Shelby Wilson, Dean Karlen, Lauren Castro, Geoffrey Fairchild, Isaac J. Michaud, Dave Osthus, Jiang Bian, Wei Cao, Zhifeng Gao, Juan Lavista Ferres, Chaozhuo Li, Tie-Yan Liu, Xing Xie, Shun Zhang, Shun Zheng, Matteo Chinazzi, Jessica T. Davis, Kunpeng Mu, Ana Pastory y Piontti, Alessandro Vespignani, Xinyue Xiong, Robert Walraven, Jinghui Chen, Quanquan Gu, Lingxiao Wang, Pan Xu, Weitong Zhang, Difan Zou, Graham Casey Gibson, Daniel Sheldon, Ajitesh Srivastava, Aniruddha Adiga, Benjamin Hurt, Gursharn Kaur, Bryan Lewis, Madhav Marathe, Akhil Sai Peddireddy, Przemyslaw Porebski, Srinivasan Venkatramanan, Lijing Wang, Pragati V. Prasad, Jo W. Walker, Alexander E. Webber, Rachel B. Slayton, Matthew Biggerstaff, Nicholas G. Reich, Michael A. Johansson