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1701 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 1701
Protein S-Bacillithiolation Functions in Thiol Protection and Redox Regulation of the Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Gap in Staphylococcus aureus Under Hypochlorite Stress.

Abstract (Expand)

AIMS: Bacillithiol (BSH) is the major low-molecular-weight thiol of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we used OxICAT and Voronoi redox treemaps to quantify hypochlorite-sensitive … protein thiols in S. aureus USA300 and analyzed the role of BSH in protein S-bacillithiolation. RESULTS: The OxICAT analyses enabled the quantification of 228 Cys residues in the redox proteome of S. aureus USA300. Hypochlorite stress resulted in >10% increased oxidation of 58 Cys residues (25.4%) in the thiol redox proteome. Among the highly oxidized sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-sensitive proteins are five S-bacillithiolated proteins (Gap, AldA, GuaB, RpmJ, and PpaC). The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) dehydrogenase Gap represents the most abundant S-bacillithiolated protein contributing 4% to the total Cys proteome. The active site Cys151 of Gap was very sensitive to overoxidation and irreversible inactivation by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or NaOCl in vitro. Treatment with H2O2 or NaOCl in the presence of BSH resulted in reversible Gap inactivation due to S-bacillithiolation, which could be regenerated by the bacilliredoxin Brx (SAUSA300_1321) in vitro. Molecular docking was used to model the S-bacillithiolated Gap active site, suggesting that formation of the BSH mixed disulfide does not require major structural changes. Conclusion and Innovation: Using OxICAT analyses, we identified 58 novel NaOCl-sensitive proteins in the pathogen S. aureus that could play protective roles against the host immune defense and include the glycolytic Gap as major target for S-bacillithiolation. S-bacillithiolation of Gap did not require structural changes, but efficiently functions in redox regulation and protection of the active site against irreversible overoxidation in S. aureus. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 410-430.

Authors: Marcel Imber, Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen, Agnieszka J. Pietrzyk-Brzezinska, Vu Van Loi, Melanie Hillion, Jörg Bernhardt, Lena Thärichen, Katra Kolšek, Malek Saleh, Chris J. Hamilton, Lorenz Adrian, Frauke Gräter, Markus C. Wahl, Haike Antelmann

Date Published: 20th Feb 2018

Publication Type: Journal

The Progenitor Systems of Thermonuclear Supernovae

Abstract (Expand)

Despite the importance of Type Ia supernovae for modern astrophysics, their detailed explosion mechanism is still not fully understood. In this article, we present recent findings from numerical models …els in the context of their observed diversity and we discuss how these models can help to shed light on the explosion mechanism and to identify their progenitor systems. It is shown that the models have considerable predictive power and they can aid the identification of sources of systematic errors when used as distance indicators for cosmology.

Authors: W. Hillebrandt, M. Bulla, M. Kromer, R. Pakmor, F. K. Röpke, M. Schrauth, S. A. Sim

Date Published: 1st Feb 2018

Publication Type: InProceedings

Towards Multidimensional Hydrodynamic Simulations of Stars

Abstract (Expand)

With the Seven-League Hydro (SLH) code, designed to model hydrodynamic flows in stellar interiors, simulations of dynamical processes in multidimensional hydrodynamic simulations are carried out. After …ter a description of the features of SLH, we present several examples of its applications to problems in stellar astrophysics.

Authors: F. K. Röpke, J. Berberich, P. F. V. Edelmann, L. Horst, S. W. Jones, A. Michel, A. Botto Poala

Date Published: 1st Feb 2018

Publication Type: InProceedings

Deforming convex real projective structures

Abstract (Expand)

Let S be a closed, connected, orientable surface of genus at least 2, and let C(S) denote the deformation space of convex real projective structures S. In this article, we introduce two new flows on … C(S), which we call the internal bulging flow and the eruption flow. These are geometrically defined flows associated to each pair of pants in a pants decomposition on S that deform the internal parameters. We show that the eruption flows, together with the generalized twist flows about the pants curves, give rise to a half-dimensional family of commuting flows on C(S).

Authors: Anna Wienhard, Tengren Zhang

Date Published: 1st Feb 2018

Publication Type: Journal

Mapping class group orbits of curves with self-intersections

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Patricia Cahn, Federica Fanoni, Bram Petri

Date Published: 1st Feb 2018

Publication Type: Journal

Entropy, minimal surfaces and negatively curved manifolds

Abstract (Expand)

Taubes [Minimal surfaces in germs of hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Proceedings of the Casson Fest, Geom. Topol. Monogr. 7 (2004), 69–100 (electronic)] introduced the space of minimal hyperbolic germs with … elements consisting of the first and second fundamental form of an equivariant immersed minimal disk in hyperbolic 3-space. Herein, we initiate a further study of this space by studying the behavior of a dynamically defined function which records the entropy of the geodesic flow on the associated Riemannian surface. We provide a useful estimate on this function which, in particular, yields a new proof of Bowen’s theorem on the rigidity of the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set of quasi-Fuchsian groups. These follow from new lower bounds on the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set which allow us to give a quantitative version of Bowen’s rigidity theorem. To demonstrate the strength of the techniques, these results are generalized to convex-cocompact surface groups acting on n-dimensional \mathrmCAT(-1) Riemannian manifolds.

Author: ANDREW SANDERS

Date Published: 1st Feb 2018

Publication Type: Journal

Convective–reactive nucleosynthesis of K, Sc, Cl and p-process isotopes in O–C shell mergers

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: C Ritter, R Andrassy, B Côté, F Herwig, P R Woodward, M Pignatari, S Jones

Date Published: 1st Feb 2018

Publication Type: Journal

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