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121 Publications visible to you, out of a total of 121
Finding the Fuse: Prospects for the Detection and Characterization of Hydrogen-rich Core-collapse Supernova Precursor Emission with the LSST

Abstract (Expand)

Abstract Enhanced emission in the months to years preceding explosion has been detected for several core-collapse supernovae (SNe). Though the physical mechanisms driving the emission remain hotly …hanisms driving the emission remain hotly debated, the light curves of detected events show long-lived (≥50 days), plateau-like behavior, suggesting hydrogen recombination may significantly contribute to the total energy budget. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will provide a decade-long photometric baseline to search for this emission, both in binned pre-explosion observations after an SN is detected and in single-visit observations prior to the SN explosion. In anticipation of these searches, we simulate a range of eruptive precursor models to core-collapse SNe and forecast the discovery rates of these phenomena in LSST data. We find a detection rate of ∼40–130 yr −1 for SN IIP/IIL precursors and ∼110 yr −1 for SN IIn precursors in single-epoch photometry. Considering the first three years of observations with the effects of rolling and observing triplets included, this number grows to a total of 150–400 in binned photometry, with the highest number recovered when binning in 100 day bins for 2020tlf-like precursors and in 20 day bins for other recombination-driven models from the literature. We quantify the impact of using templates contaminated by residual light (from either long-lived or separate precursor emission) on these detection rates, and explore strategies for estimating baseline flux to mitigate these issues. Spectroscopic follow-up of the eruptions preceding core-collapse SNe and detected with LSST will offer important clues to the underlying drivers of terminal-stage mass loss in massive stars.

Authors: A. Gagliano, E. Berger, V. A. Villar, D. Hiramatsu, R. Kessler, T. Matsumoto, A. Gilkis, E. Laplace

Date Published: 30th Dec 2024

Publication Type: Journal

From spherical stars to disk-like structures: 3D common-envelope evolution of massive binaries beyond inspiral

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Marco Vetter, Friedrich K. Röpke, Fabian R. N. Schneider, Rüdiger Pakmor, Sebastian T. Ohlmann, Mike Y. M. Lau, Robert Andrassy

Date Published: 1st Nov 2024

Publication Type: Journal

Large-scale ordered magnetic fields generated in mergers of helium white dwarfs

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: Rüdiger Pakmor, Ingrid Pelisoli, Stephen Justham, Abinaya S. Rajamuthukumar, Friedrich K. Röpke, Fabian R. N. Schneider, Selma E. de Mink, Sebastian T. Ohlmann, Philipp Podsiadlowski, Javier Morán-Fraile, Marco Vetter, Robert Andrassy

Date Published: 1st Nov 2024

Publication Type: Journal

Stripped Helium Star and Compact Object Binaries in Coeval Populations: Predictions Based on Detailed Binary Evolution Models

Abstract (Expand)

Abstract Massive stars mainly form in close binaries, where their mutual interactions can profoundly alter their evolutionary paths. Evolved binaries consisting of a massive OB-type main-sequence star …OB-type main-sequence star with a stripped helium star or a compact companion represent a crucial stage in the evolution toward double compact objects, whose mergers are (potentially) detectable via gravitational waves. The recent detection of X-ray-quiet OB+black hole binaries and OB+stripped helium star binaries has set the stage for discovering more of these systems in the near future. In this work, based on 3670 detailed binary-evolution models and using empirical distributions of initial binary parameters, we compute the expected population of such evolved massive binaries in coeval stellar populations, including stars in star clusters and in galaxies with starburst activities, for ages up to 100 Myr. Our results are vividly illustrated in an animation that shows the evolution of these binaries in the color–magnitude diagram over time. We find that the number of OB+black hole binaries peaks around 10 Myr, and OB+neutron star binaries are most abundant at approximately 20 Myr. Both black holes and neutron stars can potentially be found in populations with ages up to 90 Myr. Additionally, we analyze the properties of such binaries at specific ages. We find that OB+helium stars and OB+black hole binaries are likely to be identifiable as single-lined spectroscopic binaries. Our research serves as a guide for future observational efforts to discover such binaries in young star clusters and starburst environments.

Authors: Chen Wang, Julia Bodensteiner, Xiao-Tian Xu, Selma E. de Mink, Norbert Langer, Eva Laplace, Alejandro Vigna-Gómez, Stephen Justham, Jakub Klencki, Aleksandra Olejak, Ruggero Valli, Abel Schootemeijer

Date Published: 30th Oct 2024

Publication Type: Journal

Merger seismology: Distinguishing massive merger products from genuine single stars using asteroseismology

Abstract (Expand)

Products of stellar mergers are predicted to be common in stellar populations and can potentially explain stars with peculiar properties. When the merger occurs after the initially more massive star …ar has evolved into the Hertzsprung gap, the merger product may remain in the blue part of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram for millions of years. Such objects could, therefore, explain the overabundance of observed blue stars, such as blue supergiants. However, it is currently not straightforward to distinguish merger products from genuine single stars or other stars with similar surface diagnostics. In this work, we made detailed asteroseismic comparisons between models of massive post-main-sequence merger products and genuine single stars to identify which asteroseismic diagnostics can be used to distinguish them. In doing so, we developed tools for the relatively young field of merger seismology. Genuine single stars in the Hertzsprung gap are fully radiative, while merger products have a convective He-burning core and convective H-burning shell while occupying similar locations in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. These major structural differences are reflected in lower asymptotic period spacing values for merger products and the appearance of deep dips in their period spacing patterns. Our genuine single-star models with masses above roughly 11.4 solar masses develop short-lived intermediate convective zones during their Hertzsprung gap evolution. This also leads to deep dips in their period spacing patterns. Because of the lack of a convective core, merger products and genuine single stars can be distinguished based on their asymptotic period spacing value in this mass range. We performed the comparisons with and without the effects of slow rotation included in the pulsation equations and conclude that the two types of stars are seismically distinguishable in both cases. The observability of the distinguishing asteroseismic features of merger products can now be assessed and exploited in practice.

Authors: J. Henneco, F. R. N. Schneider, S. Hekker, C. Aerts

Date Published: 1st Oct 2024

Publication Type: Journal

Merger seismology: Distinguishing massive merger products from genuine single stars using asteroseismology

Abstract (Expand)

Products of stellar mergers are predicted to be common in stellar populations and can potentially explain stars with peculiar properties. When the merger occurs after the initially more massive star … has evolved into the Hertzsprung gap, the merger product may remain in the blue part of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram for millions of years. Such objects could, therefore, explain the overabundance of observed blue stars, such as blue supergiants. However, it is currently not straightforward to distinguish merger products from genuine single stars or other stars with similar surface diagnostics. In this work, we made detailed asteroseismic comparisons between models of massive post-main-sequence merger products and genuine single stars to identify which asteroseismic diagnostics can be used to distinguish them. In doing so, we developed tools for the relatively young field of merger seismology. Genuine single stars in the Hertzsprung gap are fully radiative, while merger products have a convective He-burning core and convective H-burning shell while occupying similar locations in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. These major structural differences are reflected in lower asymptotic period spacing values for merger products and the appearance of deep dips in their period spacing patterns. Our genuine single-star models with masses above roughly 11.4 solar masses develop short-lived intermediate convective zones during their Hertzsprung gap evolution. This also leads to deep dips in their period spacing patterns. Because of the lack of a convective core, merger products and genuine single stars can be distinguished based on their asymptotic period spacing value in this mass range. We performed the comparisons with and without the effects of slow rotation included in the pulsation equations and conclude that the two types of stars are seismically distinguishable in both cases. The observability of the distinguishing asteroseismic features of merger products can now be assessed and exploited in practice.

Authors: J. Henneco, F. R. N. Schneider, S. Hekker, C. Aerts

Date Published: 1st Oct 2024

Publication Type: Journal

Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): A spectroscopic VLT monitoring survey of massive stars in the SMC

Abstract

Not specified

Authors: T. Shenar, J. Bodensteiner, H. Sana, P. A. Crowther, D. J. Lennon, M. Abdul-Masih, L. A. Almeida, F. Backs, S. R. Berlanas, M. Bernini-Peron, J. M. Bestenlehner, D. M. Bowman, V. A. Bronner, N. Britavskiy, A. de Koter, S. E. de Mink, K. Deshmukh, C. J. Evans, M. Fabry, M. Gieles, A. Gilkis, G. González-Torà, G. Gräfener, Y. Götberg, C. Hawcroft, V. Hénault-Brunet, A. Herrero, G. Holgado, S. Janssens, C. Johnston, J. Josiek, S. Justham, V. M. Kalari, Z. Z. Katabi, Z. Keszthelyi, J. Klencki, J. Kubát, B. Kubátová, N. Langer, R. R. Lefever, B. Ludwig, J. Mackey, L. Mahy, J. Maı́z Apellániz, I. Mandel, G. Maravelias, P. Marchant, A. Menon, F. Najarro, L. M. Oskinova, A. J. G. O’Grady, R. Ovadia, L. R. Patrick, D. Pauli, M. Pawlak, V. Ramachandran, M. Renzo, D. F. Rocha, A. A. C. Sander, T. Sayada, F. R. N. Schneider, A. Schootemeijer, E. C. Schösser, C. Schürmann, K. Sen, S. Shahaf, S. Simón-Dı́az, M. Stoop, S. Toonen, F. Tramper, J. Th. van Loon, R. Valli, L. A. C. van Son, A. Vigna-Gómez, J. I. Villaseñor, J. S. Vink, C. Wang, R. Willcox

Date Published: 1st Oct 2024

Publication Type: Journal

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